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Michael G. Vickers
Michael George Vickers (born April 27, 1953) is an American defense official who served as the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence (USD-I) within the United States Department of Defense.〔(Secret warrior leaves )〕 He was born in Burbank, California.〔()〕 As USD-I, Vickers, who was appointed by President Barack Obama in 2010, was the Defense Department's top civilian military intelligence official. Before becoming USD-I, Vickers served as United States Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low Intensity Conflict.〔
()〕
Before joining the Defense Department, Vickers served in the Army Special Forces as both a non-commissioned and commissioned officer, as well as a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) paramilitary operations officer from their elite Special Activities Division. While in the CIA, he played a key role in the arming of the resistance to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.〔("Sorry Charlie this is Michael Vickers's War", Washington Post, 27 December 2007 )〕
==Career==
From 1973 to 1986, Vickers served as an Army Special Forces sergeant, later as a commissioned officer, and CIA paramilitary operations officer. In the mid-1980s, Vickers became involved with Operation Cyclone, the CIA program to arm Islamist Mujahideen during the Soviet war in Afghanistan. He was the head military strategist for the US, coordinating an effort that involved ten countries and providing direction to forces made up of over 500,000 Afghan fighters.〔(Bio page at the United States Department of Defense )〕 Later he was Senior Vice President, Strategic Studies, at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments (CSBA), during which he provided advice on Iraq strategy to US President George H.W. Bush and his war cabinet.〔 In July 2007 he was confirmed by the United States Senate as Assistant Secretary of Defense, where he is the senior civilian advisor to the US Secretary of Defense on such matters as "counter-terrorism" strategy and operational employment of special operations forces, strategic forces, and conventional forces.〔(Nomination page at Whitehouse.gov ) 〕 In 2004, he wrote an op-ed piece for ''USA Today'' in which he stated that the United States can be successful in Iraq by using a much smaller force modeled on its deployment in Afghanistan.〔(For guidance on Iraq, look to Afghanistan: Use fewer U.S. troops, not more )〕 He retired from government service in April, 2015.
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